• Health Literacy Lab & Library

Legionnaires and Whales – Does Disney Know?

I might be overstating just a tad, but somethingABCNews online did today does its part in misleading the public about a breaking news health issue in New York, and undermining the good work of public health officials and providers.

I’m talking about their online coverage of the Legionnaires Disease incidence in the Bronx.
The ABC headline is straightforward.  . 
An outbreak of Legionnaire’s disease has infected at least 31 in New York City and health officials are racing to figure out the cause.
But then, the literal, physical on-screen story takes leave of accurate health information about the disease by sticking 3 bold hyperlinks to  other stories  into the page whose only link to the Legionnaires story is that they are about human health. 
……..
To read the rest of this post and others please go to https://healthliteracylab.com/legionnaires-disease-and-brain-eating-amoeba/

Alert!: A more readable air quality alert

Not sure if I got the science correct here?  Any suggestions?  


Before:

AIR QUALITY LEVELS IN OUTDOOR AIR ARE PREDICTED TO BE GREATER THAN AN AIR QUALITY INDEX VALUE OF 100 FOR THE POLLUTANT OF GROUND LEVEL OZONE. THE AIR QUALITY INDEX…OR AQI…WAS CREATED AS AN EASY WAY TO CORRELATE LEVELS OF DIFFERENT POLLUTANTS TO ONE SCALE. THE HIGHERTHE AQI VALUE, THE GREATER THE HEALTH CONCERN.

After:
Outdoor air quality will not be healthy today for some people. This is because there will be more pollution from ground level ozone in the air today. 

The Air Quality Index (measure) for today will be higher than 100.
AQI ( what the numbers mean)
Good
0-50
Moderate
51-100
Unhealthy
101-150
Very unhealthy
201-300
Hazardous
301-500
(Borrowed this idea from a nice, full color chart at New York State Environmental Conservation   http://www.dec.ny.gov/cfmx/extapps/aqi/aqi_forecast.cfm )


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National Weather Service Air Quality Alerts – Alert Alert! Impossible Language Sighting

Air Quality Alert for NYC just came over my phone. Bravo to the city for making it available in ASL on my screen.
But you just gotta love the incomprehensible language the National Weather Service provides if you want more info.  http://1.usa.gov/1VL26kj
——–
AIR QUALITY LEVELS IN OUTDOOR AIR ARE PREDICTED TO BE GREATER THAN AN AIR QUALITY INDEX VALUE OF 100 FOR THE POLLUTANT OF GROUND LEVEL OZONE. THE AIR QUALITY INDEX…OR AQI…WAS CREATED AS AN EASY WAY TO CORRELATELEVELS OF DIFFERENT POLLUTANTS TO ONE SCALE. THE HIGHERTHE AQI VALUE, THE GREATER THE HEALTH CONCERN.
———
Dear National Weather Service,
…..

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An Achilles Heal in Crowd Sourced Advocacy

Thank you to all my friends you signed the Change.org  “Petitioning Secretary of  Health and Human Services and 3 others Protest High Cancer Drug Prices so all Patients with Cancer have Access to Affordable Drugs to Save their Lives”.

I’m writing about a problem with the petition.

When I re-read the list of petition requests and thought about the low health literacy (and other literacies, financial, civic, …) of millions of people in the US I realized, once again, that there’s a huge mis-match that self-limits this and many other ubiquitous and powerful crowd-sourced appeals. I’m referring to the low health literacy of millions. (Read More) 

There Must be 50 Ways a Definition Can Go Wrong

Here are 5 of them:

1.Circular Definition
2.Definition uses overly complex medical/science words/concepts
3.Definition uses overly complex sentence structure
4.Recursive Definition

5. Nondefinition Definition 
Reminder
I’m blogging at https://healthliteracylab.com/blog/


Explaining Risk via PLUTO

The Riskbites.org folks have done a nice job in white-boarding an explanation of Risk. 
They capitalize on PLUTO interest.  


Just blogged about it. https://healthliteracylab.com/explaining-risk-in-context-ca…/

———————–

I’m now blogging about public health and safety literacy

Transgender definitions guilty of 3 fallacies

This week I’ve been writing about how unnecessarily difficult the definitions about things “transgender” are.

The definition problems are guilty of 3 associated types of definition failures (fallacies). 

     1. Circular Definitions
    You assume your audience has a prior understanding of the terms you’re using in your definition. The words and concepts you’re using are  difficult in themselves.
Example or Circular definition.
    “Cellular phone – a phone that is cellular”
So we have –
“What does transgender mean?  “Transgender is an umbrella term for persons whose gender identity, gender expression or behavior does not conform to that typically associated with the sex to which they were assigned at birth.”

2. Self referential Definitions – You use terms within your definition to define your word or concept  ( essentially a circular definition).  

So we have –
“Gender expression   “This is the way one externally expresses characteristics and behaviors that are socially defined as either masculine or feminine.”
Or
Transgender
“Transgender – or trans – is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity or expression is different from those typically associated with the sex assigned to them at birth (e.g., the sex listed on their birth certificate).”

   

 3. Infinitely regressing (even sounds bad!)


You use statements in your definition that depend on subsequent statements.  Statements or definitions #1 relies on #2, relies on  #3….you get the point.
So we have:
…..Transgender is an authentic experience and expression of self.   Your gender expression is informed by a number of things, including your gender orientation and sexual orientation, gender stereotypes in your consciousness or subconsciousness, and social circumstances. Some of these influences on our gender expression are hard-wired–e.g., sexual orientation, gender identity–and so the cues we send are involuntary, regardless of our genitalia….”

Given how few people really understand gender issues, and how poorly the media talks about them,  I think we could do better than definitional language that can’t get out of its own way.



Has anyone come across better definitions for the public?





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Transgender Poorly Defined

For all intents and purposes, I am a woman,” Caitlyn Jenner states to Diane Sawyer on “20/20” Friday (April 24, 2015).
With over 750,000 transgender persons in the US, and an estimated 15,000 active members in the armed forces, the Jenner story has (fortunately) propelled ubiquitous discussion about transgender – in the media, among advocates and policy makers.

My communication needs were small potatoes. I was searching for a clear, readable explanation to send to my Mom and the Florida ladies when I really got into the thick of the problem.
THERE ARE NO READABLE EXPLANATIONS OF TRANSGENDER TO BE FOUND.
Dear Reader recall,  over half the adults in the US read at 8thgrade level and lower and struggle to understand health concepts andinformation. Less than 20% of US are scienceliterate – know much about science, science terms  & concepts.
Example 1  Wikipedia
“Transgender is the state of one’s gender identity or gender expression not matching one’s assigned sex. Transgender is independent of sexual orientation; transgender people may identify as heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, asexual, etc; some may consider conventional sexual orientation labels inadequate or inapplicable to them. The definition of transgender includes:
Reading grade level approx. 17.9

“What does transgender mean?  Transgender is an umbrella term for persons whose gender identity, gender expression or behavior does not conform to that typically associated with the sex to which they were assigned at birth. Gender identity refers to a person’s internal sense of being male, female or something else; gender expression refers to the way a person communicates gender identity to others through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, voice or body characteristics. “Trans” is sometimes used as shorthand for “transgender.” While transgender is generally a good term to use, not everyone whose appearance or behavior is gender-nonconforming will identify as a transgender person. The ways that transgender people are talked about in popular culture, academia and science are constantly changing, particularly as individuals’ awareness, knowledge and openness about transgender people and their experiences grow.
Reading grade level approx. 16.9

Example 3. Advocacy group – Transequality.org (has a lower reading level but still works with complex concepts)
A term for people whose gender identity, expression or behavior is different from those typically associated with their assigned sex at birth. Transgender is a broad term and is good for non-transgender people to use. “Trans” is shorthand for “transgender.” (Note: Transgender is correctly used as an adjective, not a noun, thus “transgender people” is appropriate but “transgenders” is often viewed as disrespectful.)
Reading grade level approx. 13

Example 4.  Huffington Post
Mark O’Connel writing for the Huffington post decided “we could all use some clarification on what this word actually means”. But we get a somewhat simpler text but still 13th grade level. :
Transgender is a broad term that includes people whose gender identity or self expression does not conform to, or is not associated with, the sex to which they were assigned at birth. Transgender is an authentic experience and expression of self.   Your gender expression is informed by a number of things, including your gender orientation and sexual orientation, gender stereotypes in your consciousness or subconsciousness, and social circumstances. Some of these influences on our gender expression are hard-wired–e.g., sexual orientation, gender identity–and so the cues we send are involuntary, regardless of our genitalia….”
Reading grade level approx. 13




I’ve been thinking about all this painfully tortured language.
Gender expression
Gender identify
Assigned sex
Gender conformation
Gender non-conforming
Gender stereotypes informed by subconscious…
Just what’s going on here.
Are writers actively working to obfuscate the topic? (probably not)
Do they believe they should “medicalize” the issue? (?)
Are we still unable to speak out-loud about gender and sex without tripping over ourselves (?)
I did find something for MOM.  THE CENTER: The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Community Center  has a great video .
And there’s always my go-to source –John Oliver 

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